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OFFICIAL  PUBLICATION 


WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


winning  ways 


AR  Regular  Tram  of  King  Levon  I 1198-1219 


OCTOBER,  1995 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


Win 

WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 

Organization  Mailing  Address: 

Patti  J agger,  Secretary 

P.O.  Box  500804 

San  Diego,  CA  92150-0804 


BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS 

President Gayle  Pike 

Vice-President Gail  Watson 

Secretary' Patti  Jagger 

Treasurer Barbara  Sisneros 

Publicity Peggy  Heffeman 

Parliamentarian/Sergeant  At  Arms 

Cynthia  Mohon 

Editor Gloria  Peters 

Advertising Tammi  Bansemer 

Fund  Raising Liz  Arlin 


Newsletter 

WINNING  WAYS  is  a quarterly  publication 
of  Women  In  Numismatics.  The  accep- 
tance of  an  ad  (business  or  classified)  does 
not  constitute  approval  or  endorsement  by 
WIN.  WIN  claims  no  liability  for  content 
of  business  or  classified  ads,  and  all  ads  are 
accepted  on  a space  limited  basis. 

Letters-to-the-Editor  Policy 
Letters-to-the-Editor  are  welcome  from 
both  members  and  non-members  and  must 
include  your  name,  address  and  phone  num- 
ber. 

Letters  will  be  published  in  WINNING  WAYS 
as  space  and  publication  deadlines  permit, 
and  are  subject  to  Editorial  discretion. 
Whenever  a letter  is  addressing  a specific 
problem  that  the  Board  can  assist  in  resolv- 
ing, it  will  be  forwarded  to  the  appropriate 
personnel. 


Feature  Articles 

Articles,  photos  and  features  pertaining  to 
the  numismatic  industry  are  welcome  and 
are  subject  to  editorial  discretion  and  edit- 
ing. 


Publication  deadline  dates  are: 

November  15 January  issue 

February  15 April  issue 

May  15 July  issue 

August  20 October  issue 

Mailing  Address 

Please  address  your  journal 
correspondence  to: 

Gloria  E.  Peters,  Editor 
14252  Culver,  #490 
Irvine,  CA  92714 
Phone:  (714)  559-5797 
Fax:  (714)559-0777 


The 

Presidents 

Page 


Gavle  K Pike 


I guess  all  good  presidents  should  have  words  to  the  wise  for  those  they  lead.  Mine  are 
avoid  lifting  boxes  of  rolls  and  linoleum  bathroom  floors  in  motels.  Both  are  killers. 
For  backs  that  is.  It  was  with  the  greatest  of  regret  that  I had  to  miss  our  ANA  meeting. 
Back  in  June  I had  messed  my  back  up  lifting  some  rolls.  Stupid  thing  was  I knew  I shouldn't 
have  done  it  when  I did  and  did  it  anyway.  My  back  was  still  a disaster  when  I stepped  out 
of  the  shower  at  a motel  and  put  one  foot  on  the  bath  mat  to  dry  and  that  foot  went  sailing 
across  the  room  and  as  it  did  I could  hear  the  wrenching  noise  as  my  back  gave  way.  I 
couldn't  do  the  splits  in  high  school  but  I sure  did  that  day.  Two  days  later  I could  lie  down 
and  I could  stand.  Sitting  was  another  story  and  since  I didn't  think  the  airline  would  let  me 
travel  standing  all  the  way  (as  if  I could)  I reluctantly  missed  the  ANA.  Things  went  so 
smoothly  I was  hardly  missed  but  that  comes  with  having  good  officers.  And  I want  you  to 
know  we  have  some  of  the  best.  I hear  Patti  Jagger  did  a great  job  running  the  meeting.  I 
also  understand  I missed  a great  program  by  Mark  Borchardt  on  coin  trivia  from  the  year 
1 965.  I had  talked  to  Gloria  Peters  who  told  me  some  of  the  interesting  things  from  his  talk 
and  it  sounds  as  if  I missed  a really  great  program. 

That's  one  thing  about  WIN  meetings.  They  are  fun  and  educational.  I know  many  of 
our  members  have  never  had  the  chance  to  attend  a meeting  whether  by  chance  or  choice.  I 
can't  stress  enough  that  my  best  benefit  of  membership  has  been  the  business  contacts  and 
friendship  with  other  WIN  members  as  well  as  I have  learned  a lot  from  our  speakers. 

For  those  of  you  that  have  never  been  to  a WIN  meeting  let  me  tell  you  a little  about  a 
meeting.  Most  of  the  dull  and  boring  business  of  running  the  organization  is  done  in  the 
Board  meeting  by  the  Executive  Committee  so  that  the  General  membership  meeting  is 
usually  very  brief.  We  present  an  overview  of  what  the  board  is  doing  and  if  there  is  any- 
thing that  needs  to  come  before  the  entire  membership  it's  presented.  Our  General  Mem- 
bership meeting  usually  lasts  no  more  than  15  minutes.  Then  we  have  a guest  speaker  on  a 
numismatic  topic. 

The  ladies  that  have  gotten  our  speakers  over  the  past  few  years  have  all  done  an 
excellent  job.  Our  guest  speaker  usually  talks  for  around  30  minutes.  Now  we  all  know  that 
guest  speakers  can  sometimes  be  rather  long  winded  and  frankly  boring.  I can  really  brag 
on  our.  Not  once  have  I ever  found  myself  keep  looking  at  my  watch  thinking  "when  is  he 
gonna  be  done."  But,  I have  frequently  wished  the  speaker  had  talked  longer  because  he, 
or  she,  was  so  interesting.  We  try  to  allow  a few  minutes  at  the  end  of  the  meeting  to  chat 
and  visit  with  the  guest  speaker  and  ask  questions. 

So,  for  those  of  you  that  have  never  attended  a WIN  meeting  thinking  that  it  was  a 
long  boring  meeting,  or  we  had  a long  winded  speaker.  Guess  again.  Make  it  a point  to  get 
to  a meeting.  I promise  you  that  you  will  be  glad  you  did. 

As  you  know  our  raffle  at  the  ANA  was  to  raise  money  for  the  repair  of  some  books  in 
the  ANA  Library.  Through  years  of  use  and  just  age  in  general  many  'one-of-a-kind'  books 
are  in  need  of  repair.  WIN  is  happy  to  be  a part  of  this  and  we  have  forwarded  a check  in  the 
amount  of  $375  to  the  ANA  Library.  While  I was  at  the  ANA  summer  conference  I had  the 
chance  to  use  the  Library  and  see  some  of  the  books  that  we  will  be  helping  to  repair.  The 
ANA  Library  is  a wealth  of  information  to  any  numismatic  researcher.  We  certainly  appre- 
ciate all  the  participation  by  so  many  of  our  members.  WIN  member  David  Sundman  sent 
a $100  donation  to  this  project  and  we  thank  him  for  his  generosity.  But,  we  also  owe  a 
debt  of  gratitude  to  those  that  bought  tickets.  Congratulations  and  thanks  to  1st  place  win- 

Continued  on  page  18 


WINNING  WAYS... WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


Page  1 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


A Survey  Of  The  Coinage  Of 
Cilician  Armenia 


Tracking  The  Market  With  Pat 


WIN’s  ANA  Library  Book 
Restoration  Drawing 


Leon  A.  Saryan  Ph.D. 


Page 


Patricia  Davis 


Page 


WIN's  ANA  Summer 
Conference  Scholarship 
1996 

Deadline  for  application 
November  15,1995 


Page  19 

If  you  haven't  com- 
pleted the  questionaire 
of  why  more  women  are 
not  involved  in  numis- 
matics it's  not  too  late. 
See  the  July  issue  and 
mail  it  off  today. 


DEPARTMENTS 

Board  of  Directors 

The  President's  Message 

The  Table  Of  Contents 

Viewpoint-The  Editor. 

From  The  Secretary's  Desk 


FEATURES 

A Survey  Of  The  Coinage  Of  Cilician  Armenia-Leon  A.  Saryan  Ph.D. 

Tracking  The  Market  With  Pat-Patricia  Davis 

WIN's  ANA  Library  Book  Restoration  Donation 

WIN's  Literary  Award 

World  Series  Of  Numismatics-Champions 
Farran  Zerbe  Memorial  Award 

Travel  Tips 

The  Bibliophile-Kenneth  Bressett 

WIN  Members 

WIN's  ANA  Scholarship  for  1996 

Numis  Mania 

WIN's  Newest  Junior  Member. 

WIN  Application  For  Membership- 


Cover  and  art  by  Cindy  Mohon 

<wqq^  ANA  £AcE(EcTcIcN& 

Saturday  8:00  A1A  (5ong  ^Beach,  CACon^ention 
September  30,  1995 

^Please  join  us 


Page  1 
Page  1 
Page  2 
Page  3 
Page  9 


Page  4 
Page  8 
Page  11 
Page  12 


Page  14 
Page  16 
Page  18 
Page  19 
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Page  21 
Page  21 


Page  2 


WINNING  WAYS... WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


Viewpoint 

By  Gloria  Peters 


Gloria  Peters 

he  summer  ANA  in  Anaheim,  CA  is  over— 
whew!  It  was  one  heck  of  a busy  time, 
especially  since  Cindy  Mohon  and  I also  at- 
tended the  Pre-Anaheim  show  the  week  prior.  We  really  liked 
the  somewhat  smaller  show  at  ANA.  The  feeling  was  psy- 
chologically pleasing  and  the  public  seemed  enthusiastic.  Col- 
lectors could  get  around  to  all  the  tables,  if  they  wished,  ask 
questions  and  talk  to  friends. 

After  taking  friends  to  dinner  one  night,  attending  the 
first  auction  session  until  1:30  A.M.  and  the  NLG  Bash  the 
next  night,  Friday  was  a night  off.  Friday  afternoon  Cindy 
presented  "From  Pattern  To  Pocket  Change:  Shield  Nickels" 
at  the  Numismatic  Theatre,  and  I understand  it  went  very 
well.  About  60  collectors  attended.  Outstanding  for  a first 
presentation,  I thought.  The  program  listed  us  as  being  from 
Culver  City  instead  of  Irvine,  but  that  was  a very  minor  slip... 
unless  you  are  trying  to  find  us. 

I've  been  told  more  ANA  Directors  belong  to  WIN  than 
any  other  numismatic  organization.  Let's  see,  there  is  Helen 
Carmody,  Will  Rossman,  J.T.  Stanton,  Anthony  Swiatek,  and 
although  not  a dues  paying  member.  President  Ken  Bressett , 
who  authors  the  Bibliophile  column  in  Winning  Ways.  We're 
still  short  by  Kay  Lenker,  Scott  Travers,  Gary  Lewis  and  John 
Wilson  (Nancy  does  belong  however).  It  would  be  nice  to 
have  all  the  Board  members  visible  in  their  support  of  Women 
In  Numismatics. 


The  1 st  prize  (2  tickets  to  Disneyland)  winner  was  one  of  the 
mailed  in  tickets.  The  gentleman  who  won  purchased  only 
one  ticket  from  Nancy  Wilson  at  the  Central  States  Show  in 
Milwaukee.  That's  a 66%  return  on  the  dollar.  Not  bad. 

Several  members  sold  tickets  at  the  show  but  it  was 
tough  this  time  and  we  could  have  used  more  helping  hands 
The  show  was  very  busy  and  we  all  had  to  staff  our  tables 
plus  find  coins  for  our  customers.  Thanks  go  especially  to 
Gail  Watson,  Liz  Arlin,  Tammi  Bansemer,  Peggy  Heffernan, 
(and  their  bosses),  Cindy  Mohon,  Barbara  Sisneros,  and  Patti 
Jagger  for  their  contributions  in  helping  WIN  pull  every- 
thing together.  Good  job! 

In  this  issue  we  once  again  encourage  our  members  to 
apply  for  the  WIN  scholarship  to  the  ANA  Summer  Confer- 
ence held  in  Colorado  Springs  in  the  summer  of  1996.  WIN 
will  pay  the  ANA  member  tutition  and  coach  airfare  for  this 
educational  and  fun  filled  week.  The  lucky  member's  name 
will  be  drawn  Saturday  at  the  FUN  Convention  in  January. 
The  requirements  are  easy  so  be  sure  to  enter  (pg.  1 9).  Gayle 
Pike,  this  year's  winner,  sent  a nice  letter  which  was  read  at 
the  ANA  meeting. 

WIN  had  nine  articles  competing  for  our  Literary  Award 
and  the  scores  were  tight.  Our  judges  were  highly  qualified 
and  we  appreciate  their  taking  time  from  their  busy  sched- 
ules to  do  a yeoman  job  for  us. 


WIN  picked  up  two  memberships  at  ANA  — Rebecca 
Fuller  a young  lady  who  at  1 3 years  old  already  has  her  own 
published  column  (picture  pg.  21),  and  David  Alexander  of 
Stacks.  David  is  a numismatic  scholar,  author,  etc.  etc..  Board 
of  Directors  member  and  Editor  of  NLG.  Our  organization 
may  be  small  by  comparison  to  some,  but  we  are  darn  proud 
of  our  members  and  their  contributions  to  our  hobby.  A com- 
plete list  of  members,  as  of  this  date,  is  on  page  18  of  this 
issue.  Patti  Jagger  is  working  on  getting  out  a membership 
directory  and  it  should  be  available  soon. 

Many  members  of  WIN  responded  with  ticket  donations 
for  the  project  to  restore  books  at  the  ANA  Library.  We 
raised  $141  in  the  mail  alone.  Our  thanks  to  all  who  sent  in 
their  dollar  (s).  The  story  is  in  this  issue. 


This  issue  is  packed.  We  have  the  excellent  article  pre- 
sented at  the  WIN  meeting  in  Milwaukee  by  Dr.  Saryan  en- 
titled "A  Survey  Of  The  Coinage  Of  Cilician  Armenia"  com- 
plete with  illustrations. 


Please  note.  The  deadline  for  articles  and  advertising  for  the 
July  issue  has  been  moved  from  June  1 to  May  15. 


& 


WANTED 

WE  NEED  A FEW  COPIES  OF  WINNING  WAYS. 
VOL.  3 #1— (JAN.  HOURGLASS  ISSUE).  IF  YOU 
HAVE  ONE  OR  MORE  EXTRA  COPIES  PLEASE 
SEND  OR  CONTACT  THIS  EDITOR  ASAP.  $$ 

THANK  YOU, 

714-559-5797 


Page  3 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 OCTOBER,  1995 

a subvgy  OP  Tti^  aorna©ei  op  cil-icehd  a«MOt)ia 

by  Leon  A.  Saryan,  Ph.D. 


From  ancient  times  up  to  the 
present  moment,  the  right  to 
issue  money  has  been  the  preroga- 
tive of  the  nation-state,  whether  that  state 
be  an  omnipotent  empire,  a feudal  mon- 
archy, or  a modern  parliamentary  democ- 
racy. For  most  of  recorded  history, 
stamped  metallic  disks  of  copper,  silver, 
and  gold  have  served  mankind  as  the  pre- 
ferred medium  of  commerce  and  ex- 
change. Coins  are  portable,  usually  have;-., 
some  intrinsic  value,  are  of  carefully  regu- 
lated  size  and  weight,  and  are  impressed 
with  a seal  as  a guarantee  by  the  issuing 
authority. 

In  ancient  and  medieval  Armenia,  as 
elsewhere,  coins  were  struck  typically  by 
direct  royal  authority.  The  king  would  ap- 
point a mint  director  who  was  answerable 
to  the  king  for  the  quantity  and  quality  of 
the  issue.  Master  engravers  were  em- 
ployed to  create  dies  with  a specified  de- 
sign and  inscription,  and  workmen  pre- 
pared blanks  of  the  desired  metallic  com- 
position and  weight.  Coins  were  then 
made  individually  by  placing  a heated  blank  between  a pair  of  dies 
and  striking  once  or  twice  with  a hammer.  The  designs  and  inscrip- 
tions on  the  dies  would  be  transferred  to  the  new  coin.  These  re- 
flected the  symbolism  of  the  state  and  its  rulers,  and  would  gener- 
ally be  changed  each  time  a new  king  came  to  power.  Evidence 
from  the  coins  themselves  indicates  that  new  rulers  usually  reorga- 
nized mint  operations  at  the  beginning  of  their  reigns. 

Unlike  the  situation  which  prevails  in  our  times,  not  every 
early  king  issued  coins.  Thus,  we  must  seek  the  principal  purposes 
of  early  coinage  not  in  the  glorification  of  the  ruling  family,  but  in 
economic  needs.  These  include  the  need  for  a convenient  medium 
of  exchange  to  simplify  interpersonal  transactions;  a method  to  fa- 
cilitate collection  of  taxes  and  duties  by  the  state;  a means  of  pro- 
moting economic  development  and  prosperity; 
and  a means  of  making  payments  to  state  em- 
ployees, such  as  soldiers,  and  to  foreign  gov- 
ernments. Since  the  nominal  value  of  a coin  was 
typically  greater  than  the  intrinsic  worth  of  its 
metal,  the  state  could  also  derive  a profit,  called 
seigniorage,  from  mint  operations. 

A brief  introduction  to  the  geography  and 
history  of  Armenia  may  be  helpful  to  those  who 
are  unfamiliar  with  this  country  and  its  people. 

Armenia  is  located  in  the  Near  East  in  the  moun-i 
tainous  districts  of  the  southern  Caucasus  and 
eastern  Asia  Minor.  It  is  the  home  of  Mt.  Ararat, 
a majestic  17,000  foot  volcanic  peak  that  is  con-^^ 
sidered  the  traditional  landing  spot  of  Noah’s 
Ark.  Written  records  mention  the  Armenians  as 


Portrait  of  King  Levon  I (1198-1219),  whose  efforts  trans- 
formed the  principality  of  Cilicia  into  a kingdom.  Levon 
was  the  first  Cilician  Armenian  ruler  to  strike  coins  in  silver 
and  gold. 


early  as  the  6th  century  BC,  but 
recent  linguistic  research  indi- 
cates that  Armenian  origins 
stretch  back  at  least  5000  years. 

The  Armenian  language  is  a 
separate  and  distinct  branch  of 
the  Indo-European  family,  with 
affinities  to  Greek,  Iranian,  San- 
skrit and  even  English  and 
French.  The  language  is  written 
in  a unique  and  distinctive  al- 
phabet, seen  on  the  medieval 
coins,  which  was  invented  1600 
years  ago  by  the  monk  Mesrob. 
The  nation  was  converted  to 
Christianity  almost  1700  years 
ago,  in  the  year  301  AD,  sev- 
eral years  before  the  conversion 
of  Rome.  Armenia  can  thus 
justly  claim  to  have  been  the 
first  state  in  history  to  adopt 
Christianity  as  its  state  religion. 
Ever  since,  her  people  have  de- 
fended the  Christian  faith  with 
a zeal  and  energy  which  few  na- 


tions can  match.  In  1915,  over  1.5  million  Armenians,  about  half  of 
the  total  worldwide  population  at  that  time,  were  massacred  by  com- 
mand of  the  Turkish  government  in  a grisly  genocide  that  proved  to 
be  a direct  inspiration  to  Adolf  Hitler. 

Despite  this  tragic  history,  a small  portion  of  historical  Arme- 
nia survives  today  as  the  Republic  of  Armenia,  one  of  the  newly 
independent  republics  formed  from  the  breakup  of  the  Soviet  Union. 
Mt.  Ararat  forms  a majestic  backdrop  for  Yerevan,  Armenia’s  capi- 
tal of  1 million.  Yerevan  is  the  cultural  and  economic  center  of  the 
country  and  boasts  modern  museums,  concert  halls,  theater,  opera, 
industry,  universities,  scientific  research  institutes,  and  cultural  in- 
stitutions. With  the  aid  of  Armenians  worldwide  as  well  as  the  United 

Continued  on  page  5 


View  of  the  city  and  castle  of  Sis,  capital  and  principal  mint  of  Cilician  Armenia. 


Page  4 


WINNING  WAYS... WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


OCTOBER,  1995 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 

Cilician  Armenia  Coinage...Continued 

States  and  other  governments,  Armenia  is  gradually  extricating  it- 
self from  the  devastation  wrought  by  the  1988  earthquake  and  the 
economic  trauma  of  the  post-Soviet  period. 

Cilicia,  the  subject  of  today’s  presentation,  is  not  part  of  Ar- 
menia proper,  but  rather  is  a rugged  province  situated  along  the 


Mediterranean  coast  of  Asia  Minor  opposite  the  island  of  Cyprus. 
Eastern  Cilicia  had  been  occupied  by  the  Armenian  king  Tigranes 
the  Great  around  the  year  75  BC,  but  it  was  not  until  the  devastat- 
ing Turkish  invasions  of  historical  Armenia  beginning  around  1 020 
AD  that  Armenians  began  to  reach  Cilicia  in  large  numbers.  The 
mountainous  districts  were  settled  by  several  Armenian  feudal  noble- 
men and  their  followers,  some  of  whom  consciously  sought  to 
reestablish  an  Armenian  qovernment. 

Between  1080  and  1375  AD,  Cilicia  became  a new  and  au- 
thentic Armenian  homeland  where  Armenian  literature,  art,  archi- 
tecture, commerce,  religion,  and  polity  were  preserved  and  enriched. 
Cilicia’s  importance  in  Armenian  life  continued  until  this  century, 
when  her  Armenian  communities  were  uprooted  in  the  1909  mas- 
sacres and  exterminated  in  the  1915  genocide  committed  by  Tur- 
key. 

It  has  been  written  that  “[i]f  we  look  for  a plethora  of  artifacts 
...  and  other  concrete  evidence  of  the  achievements  of  [Cilician] 
Armenia,  we  will  be  disappointed  by  the  dearth  of  such  evidence.”1 
In  fact,  however,  literally  tens  of  thousands  of  mostly  silver  coins 
of  Cilician  Armenia  have  survived  to  our  day.  These  are  inscribed 
in  Armenian  letters,  come  in  about  100  different  types  and  several 
thousand  minor  varieties,  and  carry  the  names  and  iconography  of 
virtually  every  baron  and  king  who  ruled  Cilician  Armenia  between 
1080  and  1375. 

The  coinage  of  Cilician  Armenia  is  sometimes  neglected  by 
scholars,  but  it  ought  not  to  be,  since  it  offers  important  documen- 
tary evidence  of  the  country’s  history,  art,  technology,  economy, 
religious  life,  and  culture.  This  is  in  great  contrast  to  the  situation 
which  prevailed  in  other  parts  of  medieval  Armenia,  where  a native 
coinage  was  practically  non-existent.  The  reasons  for  this  have  not 
been  adequately  explained,  and  in  any  event  are  beyond  the  scope 
of  this  paper.  The  fact  remains  that  the  Armenian  rulers  of  Cilicia 
revived  this  ancient  craft,  achieving  high  standards  of  artistic  and 
technical  accomplishment  which  placed  them  in  the  numismatic 


forefront  during  the  Middle  Ages. 

Another  important  and  practical  fact  about  Armenian  coins  is 
that  a fairly  complete  type  collection  can  be  formed  without  much 
difficulty  or  expense.  This  is  not  possible  for  any  other  form  of 
ancient  or  medieval  Armenian  artifact;  manuscripts,  stone  sculp- 
ture, ceramic  ware,  and  similar  items  are  virtually  un- 
available to  collectors.  The  study  of  early  coins  leads 
inexorably  to  a deeper  understanding  and  appreciation 
of  Armenian  history  and  culture. 

Let  me  offer  just  one  example.  We  know  that  our 
Cilician  ancestors  were  very  practical  people  who  made 
new  and  important  contributions  in  numerous  cultural 
fields.  They  built  magnificent,  technologically  advanced 
fortresses  to  protect  their  country,  wrote  texts  on  law 
and  medicine,  constructed  and  operated  harbors  and 
caravan  routes,  created  rich  manuscripts  with  exquisite 
miniature  paintings,  and  as  we  have  noted,  struck  coins. 
The  coins  reveal,  however,  that  medieval  Armenians 
were  not  concerned  only  with  such  secular  pursuits, 
but  to  the  contrary  were  intensely  religious  people  who 
had  enormous  faith  in  God  and  utter  confidence  in  Di- 
vine Power.  Virtually  every  one  of  their  coins  depicts 
the  victorious  cross  of  Christ,  sometimes  on  both  faces 
of  the  coin.  The  brief  inscriptions  very  often  declare  the  king’s  re- 
liance upon  the  “strength”  or  “grace”  of  God. 

The  period  of  Armenian  hegemony  in  Cilicia  coincides  with 
the  Crusades,  in  which  movement  the  Armenians  played  a note- 
worthy role.  Alone  among  eastern  Christians,  Armenian  nobles 
welcomed  the  Crusaders  as  liberators  and  provided  them  with  sup- 
plies and  military  aid.  The  strategic  location  of  the  Armenian  king- 
dom protected  the  northern  frontier  of  the  Latin  states  from  Mos- 
lem attacks. 

Only  copper  coins  are  known  from  the  period  of  the  Cilician 
Barony,  which  lasted  from  1080  until  1198.  These  are  extremely 
rare  and  were  undoubtedly  struck  in  small  quantities. 

Around  1 198,  when  the  barony  was  elevated  to  a kingdom, 
the  mint  was  reorganized;  large  numbers  of  high  purity  silver  coins 
were  now  issued,  along  with  copper  and  gold.2  Active  coinage 
continued  until  the  fall  of  the  kingdom  in  1375. 


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The  Armenian  alphabet,  designed  to  fit  the  particular  sounds 
of  the  language,  was  invented  in  A.D.  406  by  Mesrob  Mashtots. 


Silver  trams  became  legal  tender  for  domestic  and  interna- 
tional trade,  and  for  payment  of  customs  duties  to  the  royal  trea- 
sury.1 Copper  was  used  as  small  change  and  for  local  transactions. 
Gold  seems  to  have  been  restricted  to  presentation  pieces  granted 
by  the  king  on  special  occasions.  Royal  mints  were  located  in  the 
capital  Sis,  as  well  as  the  port  cities  Tarsus  and  Ayas. 

The  fabric  and  design  of  Cilician  Armenian  coinage  follows  a 
consistent  pattern  with  much  variation.  The  typical  royal  silver  tram 

is  the  same  diameter  as  a US  five-cent  piece,  and  about  as  thick  as 

Continued  on  page  6 

Page  5 


Map  of  historic  and  modern  Armenia.  Cilician  Armenia  was  located 
on  the  Mediterranean  coast  opposite  the  island  of  Cyprus. 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 

Cilician  Armenian  Coinage  Continued  from  page  6 

a US  ten-cent  piece.  The  weight  is  almost  3 grams.  Each  face  car- 
ries a design  and  an  inscription;  the  center  design  is  separated  from 
the  legend  by  a border  of  closely  spaced  dots.  Inscriptions  read 
clockwise  in  capital  letters  of  the  Armenian  alphabet.  At  the  outer 
edge  of  the  coin  is  a second  border  of  dots  which  indicates  the  edge 

of  the  coin.  Space 
limitations  forced 
die  engravers  to  ab- 
breviate their  in- 
scriptions, creating 
thereby  numerous 
varieties  for  each 
basic  type. 

Silver  coins 
may  have  passed  in 
commerce  by  count 
or  by  weight.  Commercial  documents  suggest  that  coins  were 
counted  in  transactions,  but  contemporary  manuscript  illustrations 
show  silver  coins  being  paid  according  to  weight,  with  the  aid  of  a 
hand-suspended  double  pan  balance  with  three  wires  attached  to 
each  pan. 4 

Examination  of  these  coins  shows  that  several  have  small 
V-shaped  notches  cut  along  the  edge  of  the  metal.  These  notches 
suggest  that  good  silver  coins  were  commonly  clipped  while  in 
circulation.  Clippings  from  several  coins  would  be  collected  and 
melted  by  persons  seeking  a profit.  If  a clipped  coin  was  then  passed 
normally  in  commerce,  the  individual  doing  the  clipping  could  en- 
rich himself  at  the  expense  of  the  state.  The  presence  of  the  dot 
border  at  the  outer  edge  of  the  coin  was  intended  to  discourage  this 
practice. 

The  quantity  and  quality  of  the  silver  coins  issued  at  various 
times  very  clearly  reflects  the  changing  political  and  economic  cir- 
cumstances of  the  Armenian  state  between  1 198  and  1375.  During 
the  first  seven  decades  (1198  to  1270),  quantity  was  abundant, 
workmanship  adhered  to  a high  standard,  and  weight  and  silver 
fineness  were  high,  uniform,  and  equal  to  or  better  than  contempo- 
rary coins  of  neighboring  states.  At  that  time,  Armenia  was  ruled 
by  strong  leaders  (Levon  I and  Hetoum  I)  whose  reigns  were  suc- 
cessful and  economically  prosperous. 

Coinage  of  subsequent  rulers  points  to  a gradual  decline  that 
is  reflected  in  reduced  quantity,  weight,  and  silver  content,  as  well 
as  deteriorating  workmanship.  Silvers  of  Levon  11(1270-1289),  for 
example,  are  sometimes  called  new  trams  because  they  were  of 
slightly  reduced  weight  and  fineness  compared  to  trams  of  Levon  I 
and  Hetoum  I.  Unlike  his  predecessors,  Levon  II  was  compelled  to 
pay  tribute  to  the  enemy. 

During  the  period  of  Hetoum  II  and  his  usurper  brothers 
Smpad  and  Gosdantin  I (1289-1301),  silver  coinage  became  rare 
and  mint  operations  were  in  apparent  disarray,  reflecting  fratricidal 
turmoil  raging  within  the  royal  palace.  Between  1301  and  1342, 
Levon  III  and  successors  Oshin  and  Levon  IV  restored  the  quantity 
of  the  coinage  to  some  degree;  however,  silver  coins  are  now  desig- 
nated takvorins  and  are  of  even  further  reduced  weight  and  silver 
content.  The  existence  of  several  coins  from  this  period  overstruck 
in  Arabic  indicates  that  Armenian  silver  was  accepted  as  tribute 
and/or  captured  as  booty  by  the  enemy. 

In  the  final  period  from  1344  to  1375,  further  declines  were 


OCTOBER,  1995 

registered.  During  this  period  the  workmanship  was  poor  and  coins 
were  of  debased  silver  alloy  composition.  Dies  are  crudely  engraved; 
coins  are  poorly  struck  and  have  irregular  borders.  Weights  decline 
to  less  than  2.0  grams.  From  this  period,  nevertheless,  we  are  aware 
of  the  rule  of  a king  termed,  perhaps  unfairly,  Levon  the  Usurper, 
who  reigned  from  1363  to  1365.  He  is  not  attested  in  Armenian 
histories,  but  the  existence  of  several  coins  in  hoards  from  this  pe- 
riod with  a different  spelling  of  the  name  Levon  is  convincing  evi- 
dence of  his  dominion.  Facts  such  as  these  help  to  amplify  and 
elucidate  history  compiled  from  traditional  written  sources. 

Today,  hoards  of  Armenian  coins  are  discovered  annually  in 
the  Near  East.  At  one  time,  these  were  melted  for  the  manufacture 
of  jewelry,  but  many  now  reach  the  West  where  they  are  eagerly 
sought  by  private  collectors  and  museums.  Prices  still  remain  rea- 
sonable for  relatively  common  types. 

Coppers  struck  by  the  barons  of  Cilician  Armenia  are  ex- 
tremely rare  and  seldom  found  in  well-preserved  condition.  Figure 
1,  drawn  by  the  famous  historian  Jacques  de  Morgan,  shows  the 
copper  coin  of  Baron  Toros,  who  ruled  from  1 100  to  1123.  Note 
that,  at  this  early  date,  the  pattern  of  a central  design  surrounded  by 

a circular  inscription 
band  along  the  edge 
carrying  the  name  of 
the  ruler,  had  been  es- 
tablished. Crosses 
figure  prominently 
on  both  faces  of  the 
coin.  The  design  is 

related  to  contempo- 

Fig.2  Enlarged  copper  of  Baron  Roupen  II  rary  Byzantine  and 

(1175-1187)  n a t a 

Crusader  types,  and 

reflects  the  influence  of  these  peoples  on  medieval  Armenian  soci- 
ety.- 

Figure  2,  another  drawing  by  de  Morgan,  depicts  a very  rare 
copper  now  attributed  to  Baron  Roupen  II,  who  reigned  from  1 175 
to  1187.  The  coin  shows  a castle  on  one  face  and  a cross  on  the 
other,  with  circular  Armenian  legends  on  both  sides.  Similar  pieces 
were  struck  by  Prince  Toros  II,  who  reigned  from  1 144  to  1 168. 
The  designs  provide  interesting  architectural  details  of  Cilician  Ar- 
menian castles  and  are  related  to  contemporary  Crusader  coins/ 

These  were  tentative  and  preliminary  efforts  in  comparison 
with  those  of  King  Levon  I,  whose  reign  began  as  Prince  Levon  II 
in  1 1 87.  It  was  Levon  who,  taking  advantage  of  his  military  strength 
and  the  prevailing  political  situation,  successfully  transformed  the 
barony  into  a full-fledged  kingdom  by  appealing  to  the  religious 
and  secular  leaders  of  Europe.  Levon  had  assisted  Richard  the 
Lionheart  in  the  conquest  of  Cyprus,  and  had  been  promised  a crown 
by  the  great  German  Crusader  Frederick  Barbarossa.  Barbarossa’s 
accidental  death  delayed  the  plan,  but  Levon  eventually  received  a 
crown  from  Henry  VI  of  Germany,  and  a second  crown  from  Alexius 
III  of  Byzantium.'  Simultaneously,  Levon  inaugurated  an  exten- 
sive and  varied  series  of  silver,  copper,  and  gold  coins. 

Figure  3 shows  a silver  double-tram  of  Levon  I,  which  con- 
tains about  5.5  grams  of  high  purity  silver.  Besides  its  artistic  ex- 
ecution, this  is  a most  remarkable  coin  for  another  reason:  it  is  nearly 
twice  as  heavy  as  the  prevailing  Islamic  dirham  at  a time  when  the 
medieval  East  had  not  yet  completely  recovered  from  a two-century 

Continued  on  page  7 


Fig.  I.  Enlarged  copper  of  Baron  Toros  I 
(1100-1123) 


Page  6 


WINNING  WAYS... WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 

Cilician  Armenian  Coinage  from  page  6 

silver  famine.  At  this  time,  the  Crusaders  were  trading  mostly  with 
debased  lightweight  deniers.1  Double-trams  were  also  issued  in 
half  and  quarter  denominations. 

The  designs  show  the  robed  king  seated  on  a throne  holding 
royal  insignia,  and  a single  crowned  lion  holding  a processional 
cross.  The  inscriptions  read  some  variation  of  LEVON  TAKAVOR 
AMENAYN  HAYOTs--meaning,  Levon  King  of  all  the 
Armenians— and  GAROGhOUTIAMPN  ASDOUDzO— meaning,  by 
the  strength  of  God. 


Fig.  3 Enlarged  AR  double  tram  of  King  Levon  I 
(1198-1219) 


Fig.  4 Enlarged  AR  regular  tram  of  King  Levon  I (1198-1219) 


The  eminent  numismatic  scholar  Paul  Bedoukian  has  postulated 
that  this  was  Levon’s  first  silver  issue,  the  depiction  of  one  crowned 
lion  reflecting  the  receipt  of  a single  crown.  When  Levon  later  re- 
ceived a second  crown  from  Byzantium,  it  is  thought  that  he  in- 


Fig.  5 Enlarged  silver  or  billon  denier  of  King  Levon  I 
(1198-1219)  with  Latin  inscription. 


OCTOBER,  1995 

structed  the  mint  to  change  the  reverse  design  to  show  two  rampant 
lions  facing  a long  cross;1'  thus  we  have  a new  series  of  coronation 
trams,  and  a third  series  of  regular  trams  (Figure  4),  all  with  similar 
inscriptions. 


The  regular  tram  was  issued  in  huge  quantities,  probably  in 
excess  of  ten  million  coins.  This  two-lion  design  appears  to  have 
been  an  original  Armenian  contribution  to  numismatic  art."1  Each 
tram  contains  nearly  3 grams  of  fine  silver.  Numerous  slight  design 
variations  exist,  deriving  from  the  use  of  several  hundred  different 
hand-engraved  obverse  and  reverse  dies"  Regular  trams  were  first 
struck  around  the  year  1200  and  continued  after  Levon’s  death  in 
1219.  Silver  half-trams  of  the  same  designwere  struck,  as  were  gold 
pieces  of  both  the  double-  tram  and  regular  tram  designs. 

Levon  also  released  small  silver  or  billon  deniers  with  Latin  in- 
scriptions (REX  ARMENIOR/LEO  DEI  GRATIA)  in  connection 
with  his  attempted  conquest  of  Antioch  (Figure  5).  Copper  tanks 
(Figure  6)  bearing  a lion-head  portrait  of  the  king,  and  weighing 
about  7 grams,  constituted  small  change  issued  by  Levon’s  mint. 

Levon  took  advantage  of  Cilicia’s  strategic  position  to  pro- 
mote commerce  between  Europe  and  Asia.  He  built  harbors  and 
protected  caravans,  and  offered  Italian  merchants  special  privileges 
and  reduced  duties  if  they  would  do  business  in  Cilicia.  The  conse- 
quence of  this  farsighted  policy  was  the  creation  of  a strong  trading 
center  in  the  eastern  Mediterranean  with  close  ties  to  the  West,  which 
enriched  itself  by  imposing  duties  on  commercial  activity.  Several 
documents  pertaining  to  economic  life  in  Cilician  Armenia  have 
been  preserved.  These  provide  a fascinating  picture  of  the  prevail- 
ing rates  of  duty  and  the  relative  values  of  various  types  of  goods.12 

Following  Levon’s  death  there  was  an  interregnum  of  about  7 
years,  during  which  Levon’s  young  daughter  Zabel  was  married  to 
Hetoum  of  the  House  of  Lambron.  The  joining  of  the  rival 
Roupenian  and  Hetoumian  families  exerted  a stabilizing  influence 
on  the  kingdom.  Continued  on  page  10 


Fig.  7 Enlarged  AR  bilingual  tram  of  Hetoum  I,  struck  in  Sis  in  1245 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS  Page  7 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


Tracking  The  Market  With  Pat 


By  Patricia  Davis 
Centennial  Coin  Galleries 
Torrance,  CA 


All  systems  are  on  “GO”  for  the  next  long-term  boom  in  the 
coin  market.  This  boom  will  be  in  both  the  collector  and 
investment  sectors.  We  haven’t  had  a dual  market  since 
the  roll  mania  of  the  sixties.  This  upsurge  will  come  from  the  same 
basic  impetus  - America! 

As  with  the  Industrial  Revolution,  the  Hi-Tech  Revolution  is 
releasing  the  creativity  of  America.  Even  though  our  educational 
system  leaves  much  to  be  desired,  our  economic  prowess  is  deter- 
mined by  its  best  educated,  not  its  worst  educated.  Our  energy 
derives  from  its  most  creative  people,  not  its  least  inventive.  As  in 
the  Industrial  Revolution,  mass  change  creates  both  pain  and  op- 
portunity. As  factories  producing  buggywhips  were  liquidated, 
Model  “T”  automobiles  rolled  off  the  assembly  line. 

Our  infant  information-based  market  will  change  our  life 
styles.  Workers  in  many  diversified  fields  will  be  able  to  choose 
where  to  live  and  will  not  be  constricted  to  huddle  near  their  present 
job  sites.  Just  as  cities  pulled  people  off  the  farm  in  the  past,  small 
rural  communities  with  clean  air,  beautiful  views,  low  crime  and 
good  schools  will  be  a magnet  drawing  creative  and  hi-tech  people 
who  can  deliver  products  and  services  from  their  homebase. 

Rapid  change  creates  stress  in  many  people.  A generation  of 
young  people,  who  cut  their  teeth  on  computers  and  on-line  tech- 
nology flock  to  movies  filled  with  gump-like  nostalgia.  Maybe 
this  is  a search  for  emotional  roots  in  our  highly  mobile  society. 
Many  new  businesses  will  be  formed  that  will  cater  to  the  emo- 
tional needs  as  well  as  the  specialty  goods  needs  and  interests  of  a 
new  generation.  Leisure  activities  will  be  sought  as  an  escape  from 
the  fast  pace  of  life.  An  activity  that  combines  nostalgia,  real  assets 
and  family  togetherness  is  coin  collecting. 

Grass-root  America  is  alive  and  well  and  we  are  learning  how 
to  adjust  to  our  new  economic  reality.  Europe  will  continue  to 
improve  with  their  master  craftsman’s  skills,  but  Japan  will  need 
more  time  to  squeeze  out  the  remaining  excesses  and  structurally 
correct  the  impediments  that  have  been  hindering  growth  and  pro- 
duction in  their  highly  structured  market  system. 

A world  of  new  entrepreneurial  opportunity  will  produce  in 
America  innovative,  small  businesses  with  a “can  do”  spirit,  that 
will  grow  our  economy  and  provide  employment  in  fields  not  heard 
of  twenty  years  ago.  Individuals  with  creative  thinking  and  people 
skills  will  be  in  high  demand,  as  well  as  “techies.” 

In  this  brave,  new-world  future,  our  society  will  face  many 
challenges.  Besides  the  highly  published  problem  of  family  unit 
breakdown,  I feel  that  the  segmentation  of  the  “Melting  Pot”  with 
-the  hyphenated  national  identity,  will  cause  no  end  of  grief.  Newly 
immigrated  people  use  to  be  proud  to  be  just  plain  American, 
whereas  now,  both  natural  and  legalized  citizens  insist  on  separat- 
ing themselves  with  a dual  nationality  status. 

As  we  advance  into  the  next  century  we  also  need  to  create  a 

Page  8 


new  way  to  educate  our  children.  A bureaucratic  cocoon  now  pro- 
tects the  entrenched  educational  establishment.  Good  teachers  now 
have  to  survive  in  a sea  of  mediocrity  and  creative  restraint.  We 
need  to  find  a way  to  let  their  talent  shine  and  reap  the  reward  for 
their  skill  and  dedication.  Tenure  is  a six  letter  word.  Producing  a 
quality  outcome  through  knowledge  and  inspiration  in  the  key  to 
the  future  of  America.  Good  teachers  should  be  praised  and  re- 
warded. Bad  teachers  should  be  sent  back  to  the  farm  team  to  prac- 
tice leaching  skills  under  the  wing  of  master  teachers.  If  corpora- 
tions ran  their  companies  the  way  many  school  systems  run  the 
business  of  education  our  young  they  would  be  bankrupt.  Money 
is  not  the  answer.  Quality  teachers,  a supportive  staff  and  an  astute 
fiscally  prudent  management  team  needs  to  be  in  place  before  we 
even  think  about  throwing  money  into  our  school  systems.  We  don’t 
need  the  school  system  to  teach  our  children  how  to  feel,  we  need 
to  teach  children  critical  thinking. 

If  we  voters  can  learn  to  see  through  the  political  machina- 
tions of  the  “inside  the  beltway”  group,  we  can  elect  representa- 
tives who  will  really  control  and  really  limit  government  spending, 
not  just  talk  about  it.  We  need  to  revamp  the  income  tax  monster 
and  thereby  do  what  is  right  for  America,  instead  of  having  our 
representatives  give  special  breaks  to  special  interest  lobbyists.  If 
we  can  get  our  national  fiscal  house  in  order,  it  will  be  a blessing  to 
our  children  who  are  the  future  taxpayers,  as  well  as  the  present 
generation.  Taxpayers  will  be  able  to  retain  more  of  their  pay- 
checks,  which  can  be  invested  and  saved  to  provide  individuals  the 
chance  to  experience  the  pursuit  of  happiness. 

Baby  boomers  will  soon  be  experiencing  the  peak  in  their 
earning  capacity.  If  just  this  one  group  is  allowed  to  keep  more  of 
what  they  earn,  their  pursuit  of  happiness  might  include  the  study 
and  collecting  of  numismatics.  Another  group  that  have  become 
more  involved  in  coin  collecting  in  recent  years  are  kids.  What 
would  make  the  coin  collecting  market  explode,  would  be  an  ongo- 
ing circulating  commemorative  program.  Do  you  realize  how  many 
non-collectors  save  the  Bicentennial  Drummer  Boy  quarters?  Alas, 
one  commemorative  does  not  a collector  make.  If  we  had  new 
circulating  commemoratives  we  would  see  thousands  of  new  col- 
lectors becoming  enamored  with  their  out-of-change  collection.  The 
natural  evolution  for  many  of  these  new  collectors  would  be  to  learn 
more  about  coins  and  with  their  new  found  hobby,  hopefully  would 
expand  their  collecting  interest  and  advance  into  higher  grade  and 
rarer  coins.  These  new  collectors  would  hopefully  have  enough 
discretionary  income  which  would  allow  them  to  further  their  pur- 
suit of  happiness. 

As  I update  my  want  list  for  the  upcoming  ANA  convention 
in  Anaheim,  I can’t  help  noticing  the  change  that  has  occurred  since 
the  last  ANA  convention  in  California  in  1989.  Today  90%  of  the 

Continued  on  page  9 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


OCTOBER,  1995 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 

Tracking  The  Market  from  page  8 

coins  on  my  want  list  are  raw,  circulated  collector  coins.  In  1989, 
only  5%  of  want  list  consisted  of  circulated  collector  coins.  This 
collector  demand  is  what  a strong,  lasting  coin  market  is  built 
upon. 

The  bullish  stock  market  is  making  a lot  of  people  feel  richer. 
Pull  backs  are  considered  buying  opportunities  as  the  bull  contin- 
ues to  roar.  Many  stocks,  that  have  had  a rocket  ride,  should  be 
sold  and  the  profit  reinvested  in  many  of  the  cyclicals  that  have 
not  advanced;  but  only  if  you  feel  the  market  has  more  upside  to 
go.  The  new  Dow  Jones  highs  have  been  accomplished  with  only 
a select  part  of  the  overall  market  participating.  There  is  solid 
value  in  many  issues  that  have  been  shunned  or  overlooked  by 
fund  managers,  where  a herd  mentality  exists.  These  are  the  stocks 
which  are  waiting  in  the  wings,  ready  to  perform  as  the  bull  mar- 
ket expands.  I think  this  bull  market  will  continue  for  awhile. 
There  are  still  too  many  bears  and  front  covers  of  magazines  warn- 
ing people  of  a major  pull  back.  The  euphoria  of  a “can’t  lose”  in 
the  market  has  not  as  yet  appeared.  The  stock  market,  even  though 
volatile,  will  remain  in  a bullish  mode  until  the  wind  blows  and 
turkeys  fly.  When  this  bull  market  finally  plays  itself  out  the 
market  won’t  just  dip,  the  bull  will  drop  dead!  In  the  meantime, 
as  the  market  goes  up,  many  astute  will  take  money  off  the  table 
and  hedge  their  positions  with  hard  assets,  turning  paper  money 
into  wealth.  Rare  coins  have  in  the  past  fared  very  well  in  this 
scenario. 

After  the  past  half-dozen  years  of  cutbacks,  restructuring 
and  re-inventing  themselves,  many  large  corporations  are  again 
feeling  their  oats.  This  year  the  market  has  been  abuzz  with  mul- 
tiple, mega-mergers.  Jockeying  for  a competitive  advantage  in 
the  world  market,  multi-media  titans  are  adding  to  their  future 
bottom  line  by  developing  the  capacity  to  reach  out  and  touch 
everyone.  More  is  coming  in  other  industries.  Prime  on  the  list  is 
the  financial  and  banking  sectors.  They  will  enter  the  merge, 
buy-out  and  take-over  arena  in  a vigorous  way  if  a proposal  is 
approved  to  convert  the  Thrifts  and  Saving  & Loans  to  banks.  If 
they  are  converted  into  banks,  the  Thrifts  and  S & L's  will  expe- 
rience an  earnings  boost,  due  to  the  lesser  cost  of  their  insurance 
burden  and  their  ability  to  diversify. 

Large  banks  will  pounce  on  the  healthy,  profitable  new  banks 
like  a flock  of  geese  on  a pile  of  june  bugs.  As  the  banking  and 
investing  laws  are  revised,  the  large  banks  will  aspire  to  become 
giants  by  gobbling  up  market  share. 

When  the  world  of  politics  looks  like  a sinking  mudhole 
and  bankers  play  their  shell  games,  be  of  good  cheer,  because 
millions  of  great  Americans  are  working,  creating,  raising  and 
educating  their  children  and  they  are  the  real  strength  of  America. 
So  if  you  find  yourself  stumbling  through  the  unfamiliar 
cyberspace  future,  buy  a pair  of  rosy  glasses,  plant  a hyacinth  for 
thy  soul  and  add  a pretty  key-date  coin  to  your  inventory  or  col- 
lection. 

God  bless  you  and  yours, 


From  the 
Secretary’s 
Desk 

Patti  J agger 

GENERAL  MEMBERSHIP  MEETING 
AUG.  19, 1995  Anaheim,  CA 

The  meeting  was  called  to  order  at  8:10  a.m.  by  Patti 
Jagger  in  the  absence  of  the  President  and  Vice-  Presi- 
dent. 

Minutes  of  the  previous  meeting  were  read  and  accepted. 
A motion  made  by  Mary  Sauvain,  second  by  Gloria  Peters,  all 
approved. 

Treasurers  report  was  read.  Balance  of  general  fund 
$ 7340.56  and  Scholarship  fund  of  $ 1 102.93.  Total  $ 8443.49 
Report  Accepted. 

Correspondence:  letter  from  American  Numismatic  So- 
ciety accepting  us  formally  as  members.  Thank  you  from 
Gayle  pike  as  winner  of  the  scholarship  contest. 

Old  Business: 

1.  Sealed  bids  must  be  in  at  this  meeting.  Several  members 
submitted  them  there,  winning  bid  of  $66  goes  to  Mary  Sau- 
vain. 

2.  Report  sheets  from  Dr.  Turfboer’s  survey  should  have  been 
received  by  all  members.  They  should  be  returned  to  Dr. 
Turfboer  quickly. 

3.  Drawing:  Gloria  needs  more  tickets  sold  today  to  insure  we 
have  a successful  drawing  for  the  A.N.A.  Library  Restoration 
Fund.  Monies  will  be  used  only  for  this  purpose. 

4.  Literary  Award:  First  Prize  to  J.T.  Stanton,  plaque  and  $50 
stipend.  Award  presented  by  Judge  Cindy  Grellman.  We  ap- 
preciate all  who  contributed  to  our  Journal  for  the  past  year. 

5.  Scholarship  Fund  and  Award:  Gayle’s  letter  showed  how 
very  interesting  and  helpful  a class  can  be.  We  hope  more  will 
take  part  next  year. 

Refreshments  were  served. 

Mark  Borchardt  of  Bowers  and  Merena  Gal- 
leries was  our  guest  speaker.  His  topic  “ 1 965 

Continued  on  page  12 

Change  Of  Address? 

Please  notify  your  Secretary  ASAP 

Patti  Jagger 
P.O.  Box  500804 
San  Diego,  CA  92150-0804 


Page  9 


WINNING  WAYS... WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


OCTOBER,  1995 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


Cilician  Armenian  Coinage  from  page  7 

History  records  that  the  kingdom  was  also  in  good  hands  dur- 
ing the  45-year  reign  of  Hetoum  I.  He  was  able  to  pacify  the  threat 
posed  by  marauding  tribesmen  on  his  northern  border,  with  a series 
of  unique  and  artistic  silver  bilingual  trams  (Figure  7).1’  The  king 
is  shown  on  horseback  with  the  inscription  HETOUM  TAKAVOR 
HAYOTs-meaning,  Hetoum  King  of  the  Armenians- while  the  Ara- 
bic reverse  mentions  the  name  and  title  of  one  of  two  Seljuk  sul- 
tans. These 
coins,  ex- 
ecuted care- 
fully in  small 
quantity,  ap- 
pear to  have 
been  a com- 
memorative 
issue  rather 
than  a tribute 

Fig.  8 Enlarged  AR  regular  tream  of  King  Hetoum  I co:nape 
(1226-1270)  g ‘ 


Hetoum  also  struck  regular  silver  trams  to  serve  commercial 
purposes.  These  retained  the  standards  of  weight  and  fineness  es- 
tablished by  Levon,  and  were  likewise  struck  in  huge  quantity,  but 
utilized  completely  new  iconography  (Figure  8).  Hetoum  is  shown 
here  standing  with  Queen  Zabel  at  his  side— indicating  his  rank  as 
king  consort  —with  a lion  and  long  cross  on  the  reverse.  This  is 
one  of  a few  examples  of  a woman  depicted  on  Armenian  money. 
The  inscription  is  similar  to  that  on  the  coins  of  Levon,  reading,  as 
before,  Hetoum  ECing  of  the  Armenians,  and,  on  the  reverse, 
GAROGhOUTIAMPN  ASDOUDzO-meaning,  by  the  strength  of 
God.  Two  denominations  of  copper  coins  were  issued,  the  tank 


(Figure  9)  and  the  smaller  kardez.  Rare  gold  pieces  were  also  struck. 
Hetoum’s  personal  efforts  nearly  succeeded  in  converting  the 


Fig.  10  Enlarged  AR  new  tram  of  King  Levon  II 
(1270-1289),  struck  in  Sis. 


crowned  lion.  Some  coins  of  this  type  bear  legends  indicating  that 
they  were  struck  in  the  Mediterranean  port  city  Ayas.“  New  trams 
were  slightly  reduced  in  weight  and  silver  fineness  from  those  of 

Levon  I and 
Hetoum  I,  re- 
flecting a de- 
cline in  the 
country’s  politi- 
cal and  eco- 
nomic fortunes. 
The  copper 
kardez  of  Levon 
II  (Figure  1 1 ) 

Fig.  11  Enlarged  AE  kardez  of  King  Levon  n (1270-1289). 

shows  a new  combination  of  cross  and  lion  designs.  The  inscrip- 
tion on  the  reverse  reads  HADEAL  I KAGhAKN  SIS-also  mean- 
ing made  in  the  city  of  Sis— instead  of  the  more  common  ShINEAL 


Fig.  12  Enlarged  AR  takvorin  of  King  Levon  III  (1301-1307), 
struck  in  Sis. 


Mongols  to  Christianity.  The  alliance  which  he  forged  with  them 
helped  consolidate  Armenia’s  strategic  position  between  two  pow- 
erful enemies,  the  Seljuk  sultanate  of  Konya  and  the  Egyptian 
Mamelukes.  As  the  Crusader  states  weakened,  Armenia  became 
increasingly  isolated. 

Hetoum  was  succeeded  by  Levon  II,  who  struck  coins  in  sil- 
ver (Figure  10),  copper,  and  (probably)  gold.  On  this  silver  “new 
tram”  the  king  is  shown  on  horseback,  with  the  reverse  showing  a 


form.  Levon  II  and  his  wife  Keran  were  famous  patrons  of  the  arts, 
and  some  of  the  finest  illuminated  Armenian  manuscripts  date  from 
this  period. 

After  Levon  II,  the  fortunes  of  Cilician  Armenia  declined 
further,  despite  the  heroic  and  often  successful  efforts  of  the  lead- 
ers to  keep  the  country  afloat  after  the  demise  of  the  Crusader 
states.  The  silver  content  of  fourteenth  century  coins,  beginning 
with  Levon  III,  was  even  further  reduced,  and  these  coins  were 

Continued  on  page  15 


Page  10 


WINNING  WAYS... WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


WIN  s ANA  Library  Book  Restoration  Donation 


WIN  members  and  friends  are  to  be  congratulated 
for  purchasing  tickets  in  WIN's  drive  to  raise 
funds  to  restore  research  books  at  the  ANA  Li- 
brary in  Colorado  Springs.  Barbara  Sisneros,  WIN  Treasurer, 


reported: 

Tickets  sold  by  mail $141.00 

Tickets  sold  at  ANA  Anaheim $204.00 

Donation  David  Sundman,  Littleton  Coins. ...$100.00 

Total  $450.00 

Expenses $75.00 

Net $375.00 


A check  in  the  amount  of  $375  was  sent  to  Ken  Bressett, 
ANA  President,  for  the  ANA  Library  (Book)  Restoration 
Fund.  WIN  Board  of  Directors  is  considering  possibly  mak- 
ing the  Library  a yearly  fund  raising  event.  We  have  requested 
"an  update  on  the  number  of  volumes  this  donation  repaired 
and  a picture  or  two  to  aid  in  our  decision  and  future  public- 
ity." 


WIN  considers  the  ANA  Library  an  invaluable  resource  to 
numismatic  students  of  all  ages.  It  is  WIN's  desire  to  help 
keep  irreplaceable  books  in  good  condition  so  they  can  con- 
tinue to  be  sent  to  hobbyists  via  the  mail  for  those  unable  to 
travel  to  ANA  headquarters. 

We  would  like  to  hear  from  all  our  members  prior  to  a 
Board  decision  to  make  the  ANA  Library  a yearly  project. 
We  currently  have  3 fund  raisers  per  year  to  continue  the 
ANA  Educational  Scholarship  award  for  members.  This 
would  take  one  of  the  fund  raisers  and  desiginate  it  exclu- 
sively for  the  ANA  Library  Fund.  It's  going  to  require  active 
participation  from  many  members,  not  just  a few.  The  ANA 
show  was  extremely  busy  and  our  active  members  who  were 
present  were  not  able  to  solicit  a donation  from  many  who 
attended.  We'll  need  your  thoughts  prior  to  the  FUN  show  in 
January.  Please  think  about  it  and  drop  a line  to  your  Editor. 
Your  wishes  will  be  presented  to  the  Board.  You  decide  the 
future  direction  for  WIN. 


Ken  Bressett,  ANA  President,  pulled  the  winning 
tickets  from  the  box  held  by  Barbara  Sisneros, 
WIN  Treasurer. 


First  prize  award  went  to  Clyde  Brinkman  of  Wisconsin. 
Clyde  purchased  a ticket  from  Nancy  Wilson  at  the  Central 
States  show  in  Milwaukee.  Two  Disneyland  tickets,  good  for 
any  time,  were  sent  with  our  congratualtions. 

Second  prize  of  WIN's  elongated  coin  set  was  presented  to 
Ginger  Pike  of  David  Pike  Rare  Coins. 

Third  prize  of  John  Highfill's  U.S.  Silver  Dollar  Encyclope- 
dia (autographed  by  several  contributors  to  the  book)  was 
awarded  to  Gail  Watson  of  Bowers  and  Merena. 


Congratulations  to  our  Winners! 


Ginger  Pike  won  WIN's  second 
prize.  The  elongated  coin  set 
(1994)#!  of  5. 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


Page  1 1 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


WIN  S LITERARY  AWARD 

J.T.  Stanton  was  the  receipent  of  WIN's  first  Literary 
Award  at  the  membership  meeting  at  ANA  in  Anaheim. 
The  mini  series  "Coin  Photography  Made  Simple"  was 
considered  the  top  story  submitted  to  Winning  Ways  in  1994. 
The  competition  was  tight  with  only  a couple  of  points  sepa- 
rating the  nine  entries.  A certificate  of  appreciation  and  our 
thanks  was  presented  to  each  of  our  judges:  Cindy  Grellman 
(collector,  author  and  WIN  member),  John  Highfill  (author 
and  dealer)  and  Eric  Von  Klinger  (author  and  newspaper  edi- 
tor). 


Cindy  Grellman  presented  WIN's  Literary 
Award  plaque  to  J.T.  Stanton,  newly  elected 
ANA  Governor,  during  the  WIN  meeting.  J.  T. 
donated  the  $50  prize  money  to  the  ANA  Y.N. 
program. 


Secretary  Continued  from  page  9 

In  Numismatics”.  1965  was  a turning  point  in  many  ways. 
A.N.A.  decision  to  relocate  in  Colorado  Springs,  2 different 
bills  before  Congress  which  almost  wiped  out  our  industry, 
the  roll  market  crashed,  the  Franklin  Mint  started,  clad  coin- 
age began  and  Pres.  Johnson  signed  the  Coinage  Act.  These 
were  some  of  the  highlights  of  Mark’s  presentation. 

When  J.T.  Stanton  was  presented  with  his  award  at  the  end  of 
the  meeting,  he  asked  his  $50  prize  be  given  to  the  YN  fund. 
Tammi  Bansemer  introduced  Kim  Pichler,  our  newest  mem- 
ber of  WIN.  Welcome! 

The  meeting  was  adjourned  at  8:55  a.m. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

Patti  Jagger,  Secy 


Speaker  Mark  Borchardt  received  a Cer- 
tificate of  Appreciation  from  WIN  Secretary 
Patti  Jagger. 


World  Series  Of  Numismatics 

David  T.  Alexander  and  Anthony  Swiatek  captured  the 
title  in  the  fifth  annual  World  Series  of  Numismatics  Aug.  18 
at  the  ANA  convention  in  Anaheim.  The  win  made  the  team's 
third  title  in  four  years.  The  champions  closed  the  1 995  com- 
petition with  430  points.  Second  place  team  of  John 
Kraljevich  Jr.  and  John  Burns  followed  with  385  and  the  com- 
petition for  first  place  was  very  tough. 

WIN's  team,  the  Progressive  Pundits,  didn't  compete  this 
year,  but  WIN  was  there  in  spirit  and  encouragement.  Both 
David  and  Anthony  are  WIN  members. ..in  case  you  didn't 
know. 

Alexander  and  Swiatek  can't  compete  in  1996  as  a 
team. ..called  'time  out'  when  you  are  so  successful.  Next 
year  should  be  interesting. 

Congratulations  to  ^ou  both. 


1995  Farran  Zerbe  Memorial  Award 

WIN  member,  Dorothy  Baber,  co-honored  with  Bill 
Fivaz  received  the  1995  Farran  Zerbe  Memorial  Award  for 
Distinguished  Service.  Couldn't  happen  to  a harder  workers 
or  nicer  people.  The  hobby  has  been  bountifully  blessed  by 
both. 

Congratulations! 

JOIN  AN  ELITE  GROUP-BECOME  A WIN  MEMBER 


WE  ARE  PROUD  OF  OUR  MEMBERSHIP! 


Page  12 


WINNING  WAYS.. .WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


U.S.  COINS,  INC. 

BUYING  OR  SELLING 

• AT  EVERY  MAJOR  CONVENTION 

• INCREDIBLE  SELECTION 

• THE  FRIENDLY  PLACE  TO  DO  BUSINESS 


USCI  spent  over 
$30  million  in  rare 
coin  purchases  last 
year.  Before  you 
sell,  see  us  first. 

We  would  love  the 
opportunity  to 
buy  your  collection. 


U.S.  COINS,  INC. 


MEMBERS: 
PCGS,  NGC 
PNG,  ANA, 
NLG,  CCE 


TEXAS  COMMERCE  BANK  BUILDING 
5177  RICHMOND,  Suite  200 
HOUSTON,  TEXAS  77056 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


Page  13 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


By  KRISTIN  JACKSON  The  Seattle  Times 


Planning  to  rent  a car  in  the  United  States  this  summer? 

It’s  getting  more  costly,  and  more  complicated,  now  that 
some  major  car-rental  companies,  including  Hertz  and  Avis, 
are  abolishing  unlimited  free  mileage  for  rentals  in  some 
U.S.  cities. 

This  summer  will  be  the  shakedown  period  when  rental  com- 
panies will  see  if  they  can  make  the  new  charges  stick— and  spread. 
In  general,  the  new  mileage  rules  allow  a car  renter  100  free  miles 
a day  Beyond  that  there’s  a charge  of  25  cents  per  mile. 

In  recent  weeks.  Hertz  has  imposed  the  mileage  caps  in  50  cities, 
including  Detroit,  Cleveland,  Philadelphia,  St.  Louis,  Washington, 
and  New  York  City. 

Avis  currently  has  caps  in  20  cities,  including  Atlanta  and 
Cleveland.  But  by  July  13,  the  caps  will  be  in  effect  “at  most 
major-market  locations,”  said  Avis  spokesman,  Terry  Gordon. 

The  caps  are  not  yet  in  effect  in  fiercely  competitive  vacation  mar- 
kets such  as  Hawaii,  Florida  or  California.  And  Alamo,  a major 
player  in  the  vacation  car-rental  market,  is  vacillating.  Alamo  kicked 
off  the  trend  by  experimenting  with  mileage  charges  for  several 
months  this  spring,  but  then  reverted  to  unlimited  mileage.  What- 
ever happens  in  the  long  term,  the  car-rental  pricing  structure  has 
become  a lot  more  confusing  in  the  short  term.  Here  are  some  sug- 
gestions for  summer  time  car  renters 


SHOP  AROUND.  Comparison  shopping  is  more  important  than 
ever.  Hertz  may  have  mileage  charges  in  one  city,  Avis  and  Budget 
may  not.  Or  vice  versa.  Get  on  the  phone  now  to  find  and  reserve— the 
best  deal  before  the  mileage  limits  spread. 


OCTOBER,  1995 

out  to  be  any  cheaper.  And  check  for  discounts  available  to  mem- 
bers of  the  American  Automobile  Association,  the  American  Asso- 
ciation of  Retired  Persons,  and  other  groups.  Also  see  if  mileage 
charges  can  be  lessened  by  using  frequent-flier  award  promotions. 

LOCAL  VS.  FLY-IN.  To  add  to  the  confusion,  in  some  cities  the 
free-mileage  cap  applies  only  to  local  residents  who  rent  cars,  not 
those  who  fly  in.  At  LAX  and  John  Wayne  Airport,  local  renters  of 
Hertz  cars  will  get  100  free  miles  a day.  But  customers  who  fly  in 
to  those  two  airports— the  vast  majority  of  car  renters-still  get  unlim- 
ited mileage. 

* * * * * * ** 

Orange  County  Register 

THE  PROS  AND  CONS  OF  A TRAVEL  AGENT.  A travel  agency 
offers  one-stop  shopping  for  your  airline,  hotel  and  car  reserva- 
tions. Theoretically,  the  legwork  of  a good  agency  can  yield  more 
benefits  than  shopping  around  on  your  own,  particularly  for  shorter 
trips.  More  importantly,  all  but  the  smallest  agencies  will  have  pre- 
ferred rates  with  a couple  of  car  rental  companies.  But  what  works 
well  in  theory  doesn’t  always  function  in  the  real  world. 

“We’ve  found  you  usually  will  get  a better  rate  if  you  call  a 
rental  agency’s  800  number,”  said  analyst  Ed  Perkins,  editor  of  the 
Consumer  Reports  Travel  Letter.  “The  agencies  have  got  to  get  to- 
gether with  the  car-rental  comapnies  to  work  this  out.” 

Perkins  also  noted  that  once  an  initial  booking  is  made,  a travel 
agent  may  not  be  attentive  to  special  deals  and  lower  rates  as  they 
emerge  closer  to  your  rental  period. 

UNDERSTAND  YOUR  INSURANCE  POLICY  BEFORE  YOU 
ARRIVE.  One  of  the  great  cash  cows  of  the  car-rental  industry  is 
the  notorious  “collision  damage  waiver,”  which  can  run  as  high  as 
$16  per  day.  The  sale  of  these  insurance  policies  has  been  banned 
in  some  states  following  consumer  complaints.  In  the  remaining 
states,  uninformed  renters  are  prime  targets,  and  scare  tactics  are 
not  beyond  the  pale  for  some  rental  agencies.  Some  companies  even 
commission  their  agents  to  sell  the  added  insurance. 

The  first  thing  to  know  is  how  your  personal  insurance  policy 
covers  you  in  the  event  of  an  accident  or  theft  involving  a rental  car. 
Chances  are,  you’re  already  covered.  The  coverage  that  rental  agen- 
cies sell  is  duplicated  by  approximately  70  percent  of  personal  car 
policies,  according  to  the  Insurance  Information  Institute. 

Also,  Visa  and  Mastercard’s  gold  cards  and  American  Ex- 
press features  secondary  coverage,  over  and  above  your  existing 
auto  insurance.  The  free  coverage  is  activated  if  you  use  the  card  at 
the  time  of  signing  the  rental-car  contract,  but  only  if  you  decline 
the  optional  insurance  policy  offered  by  the  rental  agency. 


REARRANGE  YOUR  ITINERARY.  If  your  travel  plans  are  flex- 
ible search  out  a city  on  your  itinerary  where  mileage  caps  aren’t 
in  effect  and  rent  a car  there. 

DON’T  DRIVE.  Compare  car-  rental  costs  to  airline  or  train  costs; 
they  could  be  cheaper  ways  to  go. 

CORPORATE,  TRAVEL-CLUB  DEALS.  The  mileage  caps  hit 
the  leisure  traveler  who  rents  cars  occasionally,  not  business  travel- 
ers whose  companies  negotiate  contract  rates  with  rental  compa- 
nies. Check  if  you’re  eligible  for  a corporate  rate— and  if  it  works 

Page  14 


5|c  sf:  $ 9)e  sffc  $ $ £ 

WATCH  YOUR  STE^ 

Chinese  media  are  starting  to  warn  that  nation's  people  of  a 
new  plague  threatening  their  health:  missing  manhole  cov- 
ers. It  seems  that  thieves  are  stealing  the  iron  discs  by  the 
thousands  and  selling  them  to  scrap-metal  recyclers  for  about 
$1  each.  More  than  4,000  of  the  lids  were  reported  taken  in 
Beijing  alone  in  the  first  nine  months  of  1994.  There  have 
been  traffic  accidents  and  pedestrians  disappearing  suddenly. 


WINNING  WAY S . . .WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


Cilician  Armenian  Coinage...  from  page  10 
known  as  takvorins,  meaning.  literally,  belonging  to  the  king.  Although 
the  coinage  generally  deteriorated  in  quality,  attractive  coins  were  still 
occasionally  struck,  such  as  the  fairly  well-preserved  silver  takvorin  of 
King  Levon  III,  minted  between  1301  and  1307. 


Although  medieval  Armenian  coinage  has  been  a topic  of  schol- 
arly interest  for  well  over  a century,  many  unanswered  questions  remain. 
Hoard  studies  are  in  progress,  and  research  continues  to  uncover  new 
information,  such  as  studies  of  the  chemical  composition  of  Armenian 
silver  trams,  which  indicates  that  when  Hetoum  became  king  in  1226, 
he  reorganized  mint  operations  and  slightly  improved  the  fineness  of  the 
coinage  alloy.1' 

Without  the  guidance  of  the  eminent  researcher  Dr.  Paul  Z. 
Bedoukian,  we  might  still  be  in  the  dark  about  Cilician  numismatics.  In 


recognition  of  his  enormous  contributions— a dozen  books  and  more  than 
100  scholarly  numismatic  articles— which  have  made  Armenian  coinage 
known  to  numismatists  worldwide  and  comprehensible  to  the  beginner, 
Bedoukian  was  presented  with  the  American  Numismatic  Association’s 
prestigious  Smedley  Award  in  1993. 

I would  like  to  conclude  with  the  suggestion  that  medieval  Arme- 
nian coinage  offers  collectors  an  accessible  yet  challenging  specialty, 
neither  too  scarce,  narrow  or  expensive,  nor  too  large  and  intimidating. 
Inscriptions  can  be  mastered  with  a little  practice,  and  coins  can  be  readily 
classified  by  design.  There  is  plenty  of  literature  in  English  to  aid  the 
collector  and  more  is  being  published  each  year."  Give  this  field  a try;  I 
think  that  you  will  find  it  rewarding  and  fun,  and  a good  introduction  to 
the  fascinating  history  of  a very  young  yet  very  old  people. 


OCTOBER,  1995 

Dr.  Leon  Saryan  is  a toxicologist  and  has  collected  coins  for 
35  years.  He  has  visited  Armenia  four  times  since  1987,  and 
has  written  and  lectured  often  about  the  history  of  Armenia, 
its  culture,  and  its  coinage.  He  is  a member  of  several  numis- 
matic and  professional  oganizations,  including  the  American 
Numismatic  Association,  American  Numismatic  Society,  Ar- 
menian Numismatic  Society,  Central  States  Numismatic  So- 
ciety, Pacific  Coast  Numismatic  Society,  and  the  Society  for 
Armenian  Studies.  He  is  corresponding  editor  of  the 


Leon  A.  Saryan,  Ph.D. 


Armenian  Numismatic  Journal,  a quarterly  devoted  to  schol- 
arly investigation  of  Armenian  coins,  and  has  been  published 
in  World  Coin  News,  Bank  Note  Reporter,  the  Numismatist, 
Celator,  and  many  other  numismatic  periodicals.  He  has  re- 
ceived literary  awards  from  the  Central  States  Numismatic 
Society  and  the  Pacific  Coast  Numismatic  Society.) 


Footnotes: 


1 . Pierre  Papazian,  “Cilicia:  The  Other  Armenia,"  in  Pontifical  Visit  1983  (New  York: 
Armenian  Apostolic  Church  of  America,  1983),  pp.  12-15. 

2.  There  are  three  major  works  on  medieval  Armenian  coinage  by  Paul  Z.  Bedoukian: 
Coinage  of  Cilician  Armenia  (New  York:  American  Numismatic  Society,  1962);  a re- 
printed book  length  article.  Medieval  Armenian  Coins  (Paris:  1971);  and  several  re- 
printed articles  in  Selected  Numismatic  Studies  (Los  Angeles:  Armenian  Numismatic 
Society.  1981). 

3.  Bedoukian,  Coinage  of  Cilician  Armenia,  pp.  25-42. 

4 Sirarpie  Der  Nersessian.  Armenian  Manuscripts  in  the  Freer  Gallery  of  Art  (Washing- 
ton: Freer  Gallery  of  Art,  1963),  esp.  figs.  97  and  1 10  from  FGA  32.18,  a lavish  Arme- 
nian Gospel  of  the  13th  Century. 

5.  Bedoukian,  Medieval  Armenian  Coinage,  pp.  8-9;  Jacques  de  Morgan.  A History  <jf 
the  Armenian  People  (Boston:  Hairenik  Association,  1965).  p.  194. 

6.  Bedoukian,  Medieval  Armenian  Coinage,  pp.  9-10;  de  Morgan,  p.  194;  Roberto 
Pesant.  "Comments  on  a Rare  Coin  of  Roupen  II  (1 175-  1 1 87),"  Armenian  Numismatic 
Journal.  Vol.  15  (1989),  pp.  67-72. 


7.  On  the  unresolved  question  of  the  date  of  Levon's  coronation,  see  Ani  Atamian.  “The 
Date  of  the  Coronation  of  Levon  1 According  to  Armenian  and  Western  Sources."  The 
Armenian  Review.  Vol.  32,  No.  3-127  (September  1979),  pp.  280-291 

8.  D.  M Metcalf,  “Classification  of  the  Trams  of  Levon  I of  Cilician  Armenia,"  Revue 
Belae  de  Numismatiaue.  Vol.  118  (1972),  pp.  109126. 

9.  Bedoukian,  "The  Double  Tram  Series  of  Levon  I of  Cilician  Armenia,  Numismatic 
Chronicle.  Vol  16  (1976),  pp.  98-108  (reprinted  in  Bedoukian.  Selected  Numismatic 
Studies,  pp.  279-297).  Also  by  Bedoukian  see  “The  Single  Lion  Coronation  Coins  of 
Levon  I."  Journal  of  the  Society  for  Armenian  Studies.  Vol.  2 (1985-1986).  pp.  97-105. 

1 0.  Bedoukian,  Coinage  of  Cilician  Armenia  p.  58. 

1 1.  Bedoukian.  Coinage  of  Cilician  Armenia,  pp.  44-217. 

12.  Bedoukian,  Coinage  of  Cilician  Armenia,  pp.  25-42. 

Amtenian  Numismatic  Society,  198.3);  L.  A.  Saryan,  "Armenia's  Bilingual  Trams,"  Midd 
Coin  News.  Vol.  13,  No,  I (January  7,  1986),  pp.  24-27. 

14  Y T Nercessian.  "Levon  II  Trams  Struck  in  Ayas,"  Armenian  Numismatic  Journal. 
Vol  4 (1978),  pp  81-90. 

15.  L.  A.  Saryan,  "Chemical  Composition  of  Armenian  Coins."  Armenian  Numismatic 
Journal.  Vol  12,  No.  3 (September  1986),  pp.  22-29. 

16.  Y T Nercessian's  excellent  survey  designed  for  the  collector,  Armenian  Coins  and 
Their  Values,  was  released  m early  1995.  It  is  available  from  the  Armenian  Numismatic 
Society,  851 1 Beverly  Park  Place.  Pico  Rivera,  CA  90660-1920. 


Page  15 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


THE  BIBLIOPHILE 


By  Ken  Bressett 


Standard  Catalog  of  United  States  Tokens  1700-1900 

By  Russell  Rulau 


UNITED  STATES 


TOKENS 


KvCfA 

Wv*A»V  ".•»  iW. • ’A  >.'Ay.W 
•f-*  ’.\WW  • /Vn >'«■< .V©  /«- 


Numismatic  literature  has  long  been  recognized  for 
its  void  in  coverage  of  four  topics:  Tokens,  Med 
als.  Medieval  coins,  and  Bracteates.  Now,  thanks  to 
the  continued  efforts  of  master  cataloger  Russ  Rulau,  great 
strides  have  been  made  in  the  listing  of  United  States  tokens. 
This  latest  work  of  his  seemingly  includes  everything 
one  will  ever  need  to  know  about  tokens  issued  during 
this  two  hundred-year  period. 

Good  progress  has  been  made  in  recent  years  in  the  field 
of  Medieval  coins,  but  the  world  will  have  to  wait  a bit 
longer  before  anything  approaching  Rulau’s  thorough- 
ness can  be  done  for  medals,  or  those  ever  intriguing 
Bracteates.  I can’t  count  how  often  I have  resolved  to 
tackle  the  latter,  but  it  is  one  of  those  projects  that  al- 
ways get  low  priority. 

Over  the  past  dozen  or  so  years  Russ  Rulau  has  authored 
a number  of  books  on  early  American  tokens.  His  knowl- 
edge of  the  subject  and  thoroughness  in  cataloging  is  well 
known  and  respected  by  everyone  who  has  used  these  refer- 
ences. In  this  his  latest  effort  he  has  combined  and  expanded 
on  material  previously  published  in  separate  books  on  sev- 
eral areas  of  collecting  interest. 

The  new  824-page  reference  covers  tokens  of  Early  America, 
Hard  Times,  Merchants,  Patriotic  Civil  War,  Civil  War  store- 
cards, Trade  tokens,  and  those  more  modern  pieces  of  the 
Gay  Nineties.  “It  is  a joint  publishing  venture  of  Krause  Pub- 
lications and  the  Civil  War  Token  Society,”  Russ  writes  in  the 
book’s  introduction,  “not  intended  to  replace  the  individual 
texts  but  rather  to  provide  a ‘librarian’s  choice’  type  of  refer- 
ence.” 

In  this  he  has  succeeded  well.  Finding  almost  any  token  in 


the  above  mentioned  categories  is  relatively  easy  with  this 
comprehensive  reference.  The  copious  illustrations,  some 
2,500  of  them,  make  using  this  book  a joy.  In  fact,  I found 
myself  browsing  through  it  for  a long  time  discovering  many 
pieces  I had  never  seen  before.  That  in  itself  was  not  only  a 
treat,  but  a real  education. 

More  than  450  expert  consultants  and  other  sources  were  used 
to  provide  information  for  this  giant  undertaking.  The  mag- 
nitude of  that  effort  shows  through  on  every  page.  It  is  the 
one  book  you  must  have  if  you  every  intend  to  work  with 
tokens  of  this  period. 

The  weakest  portion  of  this  catalog  is,  of  course,  the  Civil 
War  section.  And  the  author  acknowl- 
edges that  sacrifices  had  to  be  made  in 
that  area  in  order  to  list  the  most  fre- 
quently found  pieces  without  attempting 
to  list  the  10,000  or  more  varieties  known 
to  exist.  In  making  his  selections  he  has 
been  very  careful  to  keep  the  book  a use- 
ful as  possible  in  this  burdensome  field. 

Each  of  the  listings  throughout  this  book 
is  complete  with  as  much  information  as 
is  known  about  the  dates  and  names  of 
Ken  Bressett  issuers.  Values  are  given  in  up  to  four 

grades,  and  for  the  most  part  seem  to  be  an  accurate  reflec- 
tion of  this  erratic  market.  An  extremely  helpful  index  rounds 
out  the  coverage,  and  makes  it  easy  to  locate  all  but  the  most 
tricky  issues. 

The  Standard  Catalog  of  United  States  Tokens  1700-1900  by 
Russell  Rulau  is  formatted  in  the  usual  Krause  “telephone 
book  size.”  The  giant  824  page  81/2"  x 11"  volume  is  fully 
illustrated  with  actual  size  photographs.  The  book  can  be 
purchased  for  $45  plus  $2.50  shipping  from  the  publisher, 
Krause  Publications,  700  East  State  Street,  Iola,  Wisconsin 
54990-0001. 


Congratulations,  Ken,  on  your  new  position  as  Presi- 
dent of  the  ANA.  WIN  appreciates  your  keeping  con- 
tributions to  Winning  Ways  on  your  priority  list. 


Page  16 


WINNING  WAYS... WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


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WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


Page  17 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


ALEXANDER,  DAVID  T. 

AMERICAN  NUMISMATIC 

SOCIETY 

ARLIN,  LIZ 

ARMSTRONG-BIGGER,  RUTH- 

BABER,  DOROTHY 

BANSEMER,  TAMMI 

BARR,  JULIE 

BEST,  CARRIE 

BEYMER,  SONDRA 

BLYTHE,  AL 

BROWN,  FRITZ 

BULLOWA-MOORE, CATHERINE 

CARMODY,  HELEN 

CLAIN-STEFANELLI,  ELVIRA 

CORBIN,  SUE * 

CRANE,  SUZIE 

DARLING,  TERESA 

DAVIS,  PAT- 

DE  LOREY,  TOM 

DEISHER,  BETH 

DELUSSEY,  JANIS 

DICKASON,  TAMI - 

DIETER,  LINDA 

FELLER,  REBECCA 

FREEMAN,  CHERIE 

FREEMAN,  PATRICIA 

GARRETT,  MARY  LYNN 

GRAHAM,  CAROLYN 

GREGO,  ANTOINETTE 

GRELLMAN,  CINDY- 

HALPERIN,  JIM 

HEFFERNAN,  PEGGY- 

HIGHFILL,  MARLENE  - 

JAGGER,  PATTI 

JOHNSON,  DOROTHY- 

JONES,  ELIZABETH 

KAGIN,  JUDITH 

KAGIN,  A.M. 

KLEIN,  KAREN 

KOPPENHAVER,  GLENDA 

KREIGER-BENSON,  HANNAH-- 

LOPRESTO,  SAM - 

MARCHESE,  JANICE 

MERCER,  DICK 

MERCER,  DONNA 

MERENA,  PATRICIA 

MOHON,  CINDY 

OLSEN,  MARGARET- 

PATRICK,  JESSE 

PETERS,  GLORIA 

PICHLER,  KIMBERLY- 

PIKE,  GAYLE 

PIRET,  DIANE 

Page  18 


OCTOBER,  1995 


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President's  Message  from  page  2 

ner  Clyde  Brinkman,  2nd  place  winner  Ginger  Pike  and  our  own 
Gail  Watson  who  had  the  third  place  winning  ticket. 

By  the  time  you  get  this  we  will  be  into  the  fall.  I don't  see 
where  the  summer  has  gone.  But.  I am  ready  to  enjoy  cool 
weather,  the  changing  leaves,  trick  or  treaters  and  the  ever  an- 
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WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


WIN  SCHOLARSHIP 
1996 

New  WIN  members  may  not  realize 
WIN  offers  a paid  scholarship 
(Tuition,  room/board  and  coach  airfare)  to 
the  July  ANA  Summer  Conference  held  in  Colo- 
rado Springs,  CO.  This  is  a one  week  educational 
opportunity  besides  being  packed  with  fellowship 
and  fun  with  fellow  numismatists. 

This  will  be  your  only  notice  this  year  of  the 
pending  award.  Your  written  essay  will  be  your  entry 
form  and  we  ask  you  to  write  and  sign  the  follow- 
ing disclaimer  at  the  bottom.  "I  agree  to  hold  WIN 
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ANA  Scholarship  Award."  Parents  must  sign  for 
Junior  applicants. 

Deadline  (postmarked)  for  submitting  your 
essay  is  November  27th.  You  may  send  your  dues 
check  for  1996  with  your  application  if  you  wish. 

Drawing  for  the  winning  applicant  will  be  held 
Saturday  at  the  FUN  show  in  Orlando,  FL. 

You  need  not  attend  and,  if  a winner,  you  will  be 
notified  by  phone  or  mail. ..post  haste! 


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• Entire  Collections  • Certified  and  Raw  Coins 

• Entire  Dealers  Stocks  • Quality  Rare  U.S.  and  Foreign  Coins 


1 . All  candidates  must  be  a WIN  member  in  good  stand- 
ing with  the  current  year  dues  paid  prior  to  the  drawing 
at  the  FUN  Show  in  January. 

2.  Age  requirement  (Junior  members)  for  the  Summer 
Conference  will  be  determined  by  ANA. 

3.  All  candidates  will  submit  an  essay  of  200  to  300 
words  on:  1 ) Why  I would  like  to  attend  the  ANA  Sum- 
mer Conference  or  2)  What  I expect  to  gain/learn  at  the 
ANA  Summer  Conference.  Essays  will  only  be  reviewed 
for  motivation  and  sincerity.  Essays  and  written  mate- 
rial submitted  will  become  the  property  of  WIN  and  may 
be  published  in  part  or  in  whole  either  in  Winning  Ways 
or  other  publications. 

4.  All  candidates  are  expected  to  attend  the  current  year’s 
Conference  if  selected.  All  agree  to  respond  within  four- 
teen davs  with  a positive  or  negative  commitment  if  their 
name  is  selected  at  the  FUN  Show  drawing.  All  candi- 
dates agree  if  the  14dav  requirement  cannot  be  met  their 
eligibility  will  be  withdrawn  and  the  opportunity  will  be 
passed  to  the  1 st  alternate  for  a 14  dav  response,  and  so 
forth  until  all  5 names  drawn  are  exhausted.  If  none  of 
the  above  can  accept  the  scholarship  all  current  dues  paid 
members  names  will  be  placed  in  a drawing  as  desig- 
nated by  the  President. 

5.  The  selected  candidate  who  is  finalized  as  the  winner 
would  be  ineligible  to  compete  again  in  this  contest  for 
a period  of  5 years. 

6.  All  candidates  will  sign  a disclaimer  at  the  bottom  of 
the  entry  form  (essay)  absolving  WIN  of  any  liability 
resulting  from  any  and  all  claims  of  injury  or  property 
loss  that  may  occur  during  his  or  her  attendance  at  the 
Conference.  Junior  members  must  have  his  or  her  par- 
ents or  legal  guardian  sign  the  disclaimer  form. 


For  more  information,  call 

1-800-US  COINS 

(872-6467) 


A im-mtvr  t»(  the  llcril.igc  family  of  fine  mmpjnn-*.  Tin-  world"'  bryi-M 
dcalcrx  in  rarv  coin*  with  jvhIv  in  iw»«  of  $15  million,  o\or  $20  million 
in  i^piul  jnd  jiiiumI  vile*  in  iW»  of  5100  million  ui»  audited  by  Arthur 
Andersen.  IK  Ihriugv  l omfkinii-'  .tlwi  hj\y  K office"  worklw idc. 

I Ictii.r-v  Nimii'iu.iiK  Aiktion* 

IkwIxMl  l It. ►Ol  .!»  .HkttolHvr  K ilk 
US  (kkvmmcni.  hi!  fa",  link  IVX'.uvl  June  I'tNS 
Vhvlcd  ,r>  ilk'  l 'Miu.il  .AiMhkHvf  U ilk  I 'W0.  I'*.!.  I'Wi.  IVSK.  I 'NO. 
I'WJ.  I'Nl.  I'W-l.nkl  | 'NS  XN-N  Mk- 
.iikl  ilk  I'Wl.  I'*M.  I'WS.  I'Jhf..  |'JS7.  |«WS.  I'NO, 

I'Nl.  |*N_\  I'Nt.Mvl  I'Nl  MklAVmiti  ANA  SiU> 
l 111  ►Oil  r-  ,Mk  i ii rkvr  k ilk’  U.S  l I,  mum  k ill  IVk-A. 
yXlnlvr  .iikl  I Vxvmlvt.  I ‘IN* 

Xkrci4lki.it  ANA jik'l*«t"iikv  I'H'lkm  dl.nlk*  .kinkv.mi.mk.kd 


We  Have 

Buying  Representatives  In: 
Los  Angeles 
San  Francisco 
and 

Kansas  City,  Missouri 


Heritage  Plaza  • 100  Highland  Park  Village  • Dallas,  Texas  75205-2788 
WATS:  1-800-US  COINS  (872-6467)  • In  Texas:  214-528-3500  • FAX:  214-520-6968 


£M^ania 

Questions 

1 . Name  the  two  1934  Philadelphia  issue  Washington  type  quarter  varieties? 

2.  Which  silver  dollar  coin  discounts  the  truism  "first  year  issues  are  always 
hoarded"? 

3.  X rays  were  discovered;  gold  was  discovered  on  the  Klondike  River  in  Alaska 

and  William  McKinley  was  elected  President  during  which  engraver’s  era? 

4.  Who  was  John  Hull’s  partner  in  their  Massachusetts  coinage  operation  ? 

5.  What  kind  of  note  has  a portrait  of  Chief  Hollow  Horn  Bear  of  the  Buele 
Sioux  on  its  face? 

6.  Where  is  the  mint  mark  located  on  the  Jefferson  type  nickel,  pre-war  issue? 

Answers  on  page  21 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


Page  19 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


IfiPunSl 

Pun! 


Pun! 

The  41st  Annual 

FUN  SHOW! 

January  4-7,  1996 

Orange  County  Convention/Civic  Center 
9800  International  Drive  ♦ Orlando,  Florida 


Hotel  Reservations 
Peabody  Hotel 
“Official  Convention 
Headquarters” 
1-800-732-2639 

Clarion  Plaza  Hotel 
1-800-627-8258 

Quality  Inn  Plaza 
1-800-999-8585 

•Mention  “FUN  1996"  for 
special  convention  rates! 


Auction  by  Heritage  Numismatic  Auctions 

Heritage  Plaza 

100  Highland  Park  Village,  Dallas,  TX  75205 
1-800-US  COINS  • (1-800-872-6467) 
Consignments  now  being  accepted! 

M & M World  Travel  Service 
Travel  Arrangements  & Car  Rental 
PH:  800-426-8326 

Bourse  Information 
Bob  Hurst,  Membership  Chairman 

P.O.  Box  10017,  Titusville,  FL  32783 


Competitive  Exhibits 
Gene  Hynds 

3520  SW  36th  Court,  Hollywood,  FL  33023 

305-983-7387 


4IK 


Page  20 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


VOLUME  4 No.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


Thirteen  year  old  Rebecca  Fuller,  WIN's  newest 
Junior  member. 


cl\umis  CH^ania 

Answers  Jrom  page  19 

•noX  sjieAve 

saijemsiuinfsj  jo  S3U3§  PfJO^  s,  VNV  9~S  P3J°3S  noX  jj 

•§u;p|inq  sip  jo  iqSu  sip  oj  ‘ssjsas^  g 
(Z69#  S3U3S)  ‘0Z.6I  ‘31B3IJI1J33  )U3UlXBd  XjBJIIIIAJ  01$  3M1  S 

UOSJSpUBS  p 

„BJ3  JsqjBg,,  3Mi/£ 
•JBHOp  33B3J  1361  'Z 
onoui  Xabsh  pue  ‘ohoiu  iq§n  l 


The  Complete  Guide  To 
WALKING  LIBERTY 
HALF  DOLLARS 

NEW!  Just  Released  NEW! 

By  Bruce  Fox 

Approx.  150  pages  of  text  (8  1/2”  x 11")  + over  200  photos. 
Complete  Date  Sk  Min  Mark  Analysis  * Rarity  Ratings  by  Date  & 
Grade  * Population  Rankings  of  Certified  Coins  * Pricing  Guide 
’Grading  ’Series  History  ’Varieties  ’Mint  Errors  ’Counterfeits 


$24.95 

$44.95 

softcover 

hardcover 

To  Order  Please  Send  Clieok/M.O.i  Bruoe  Fox,  Golden  West 
Numismatics,  16787  Beach  Blvd.,  Huntington  Beach,  CA  92647 


YES!  I would  like  to  become  a 


member  of  Women  In  Numismatics. 

Enclosed  are  my  first  year's  dues: 

Regular  $35— (Ck. Cash ) 

Junior  $20-(Ck. Cash ) 


Membership  is  from  Jan.lst  thru  Dec.  31st 


Please  send  a membership  application  to: 

NAME: 

BUSINESS: 

ADDRESS: 


PHONE: 

FAX: 

DATE: 

SIGNATURE: 


COMPLETE  AND  FORWARD  TO: 

PATTI  JAGGER 
P.O.  BOX  500804 
SAN  DIEGO,  CA 
92150-0804 


EXCELLENCE 

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NO  MATTER  HOW  IT’S  PRONOUNCED,  collectors  the 
world  over  understand  the  word  and  recognize  the  symbol 
for  quality  in  coin  products.  For  over  50  years  Whitman®  has 
been  supplying  hobbyists  with  the  most  reliable  and 
authoritative  reference  books  available.  Whitman®  has  also 
made  collecting  enjoyable  with  our  coin  storage  and  display 
products  which  protect  and  enhance  the  most  discriminating 
collections.  WHITMAN®  - the  hobby  standard. 


Whitman®  Coin  Products 
Western  Publishing  Company,  Inc. 
Racine,  Wisconsin  53404 


WINNING  WAYS. ..WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


Page  21 


VOLUME  4 NO.  4 


OCTOBER,  1995 


T.C.S.  INC. 


“Buy,  Sell.  Trade 
Coins.  Diamonds 
Gold.  Silver.  Bullion 


The  Coin  Shop,  Inc. 

2909  East  20th  St. 
Farmington,  New  Mexico  87402 


(505)  326-215* 


Louis  Kogleman 


WIN 


THANKS 

OUR  ADVERTISERS. 
YOU  ARE  IMPORTANT 
TO  US! 


P * M 


& IT!  RARE  COINS 
BUYING  • SELLING 
ALL  U.S.  COINS 
Please  Call 

Gloria  Peters  & Cindy  Mohon 

714-559-5797 

1 4252  Culver,  #490  Irvine,  CA  927 1 4 


BUYING 

Certified  U.S.  Coins 
MS-60  TO  MS-68 
MORGANS  & PEACE  DOLLARS 
WALKERS,  GOLD  & TYPE 

Please  Call  Confidentially 

Mr.  Gus  Tiso 

1-800-551-0706 

P.O.  Box  1691  Salisbury,  Maryland  21802 


I 


Profession  Coin  Grading  Service 
supports  Women  in  Numismatics. 
800-447-8848 

The  Grading  Service  of  Choice. 


J.  R.  (BOB)  GRELLMAN 

U.S.  Large  Cents 


P.O.  Box  951988 
Lake  Mary,  FL  32795-1988 


Phone:  (407) 321-8747 


BUSINESS  REVIEW 


ADVERTISING  PAYS 


Zaidman  & Lopresto 

Rare  Coins  & Jewelry  Inc. 


Teresa  Darling 

Jewelry  Representative 


112  E Broadway 
Long  Beach.  CA  90802 


(213) 437-8481 


LARRY  BRIGGS  RARE  COINS 
RARITIES  & 

SEATED  SPECIALTIES 

1-419-228-2285 


J.R.  Investments 


Gold  & Silver 
Coins  & Bullion 


COINS  - STAMPS 
BOUGHT  - SOLD 
APPRAISED 


Jack  H.  Beymer 


P.O.  Box  187 
Lima,  OH  45802 


Hours: 

M-F  1 0-6  Eastern 


J.R.  Walters 
(404)  924-6657 


P.O.  Box  669662 
Marietta,  GA  30066-0112 


JACK  H BEYMER,  INC. 

CODDINaTOWN  COIN  SHOP 
737  CODOINCTOWN  CtNTtN 
SANTA  Rot*,  CALIF  03401 


TELEPHONE 
707-344- 1621 


^AVEL  St*'1 


(817)  561-1252 
Metro  572-4963 
1(800)  284-8215 


Paul  R.  Whitnah 

General  Manager 


5801  West  Interstate  20.  Suite  325  • Green  Oaks  Plaza 
Arlington,  Texas  76017-1078 


WOULD  YOU  LIKE  TO  MAKE  MONEY 
IN  YOUR  SPARE  TIME} 

DO  YOU  MAKE  LONG  DISTANCE  CALLS? 

DO  YOU  USE  A CALLING  CARD? 

DO  YOU  USE  ATT  ST,  MCI  OK  SPRINT? 

DO  YOU  WANT  TO  SAVE  40%  TO  SOS? 
k — KVEKT  TIME  TOP  MAKE  A CALLI— 

V 


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THE  NUMISMATIC  TRADING  CORPORATION 


ADVERTISING  COPY 

MUST  BE  RECEIVED  BY  THE 
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DEADLINES: 

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Payment  In  full  must  accompany  ad. 

10%  discount  for  1 (one)  year  contract 

Cartk  with  metallic  Imprinting  can  only  be  reproduced  on 
n one  year  contract  due  to  coat..  or  add  $15.99  per  card. 


THE  GRIZZLY  MINING  CO. 


NATURAL  QOLD  P1UQGETS 
and  MUQQET  JEWELRY 

Dick  ft  Donna  Mercer 

Owners 

P.O.  Box  1478 
Jamestown.  CA  95527 

Phone  209/586-4606 


• Buy  • Se*  • Trade 

U.S.  Cotna  & Currency 

• Eaa 


(714)551-3601 


WILLOUGHBY  RARE  COIN 

P.O.  Box  977 
Tusfti.CA  92681 


CASEY  SISNEROS 


BARBARA  SISNEPOS 


Page  22 


WINNING  WAYS...WOMEN  IN  NUMISMATICS 


The  Show  Often  Imitated,  but  Never  Equaled! 

NUMISMATIC,  PHILATELIC  & 
SPORTS  CARD  EXPOSITION 


HELD  IN  FEBRUARY,  JUNE 
AND  OCTOBER  EACH  YEAR 

Long  Beach  Convention  Center  • Long  Beach,  California 


OVER  700  COIN,  STAMP,  SPORTSCARD 


» 


PHONE  CARDS  + COLLECTIBLE  BOOTHS 

Over  2500  World  Class  Coin  & Stamp  Dealers,  including  approx.  100  Booths 
of  the  Finest  Sportscard  Dealers  in  the  World 

SPECIAL  AUCTIONS  EACH  SHOW 

Auctions  of  U.S.  and  Foreign  Coins  & Certified  US  Coins  by  Renowned 
Auctioneers.  Exciting  Auctions  of  Collectibles  including  Baseball  Cards. 


OVER  100  ANCIENT  & 
FOREIGN  COIN  BOOTHS 


Representatives  from  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Australia,  New  Zealand,  Great 
Britain,  Japan,  China,  and  other  countries. 

OUTSTANDING  FORUMS 
& SEMINARS 


• U.S.  Commemorative  Society  • Civil  War  Token  Society 

• Silver  Dollar  Roundtable  • Early  American  Coppers 

• Women  In  Numismatics  • VIP's  & Foreign  Dignitaries 

• PCGS  Question  & Answer  Forum  • Special  Sports  Personalities 

• Special  Firms  Encapsulating  Coins  & Baseball  Cards 


For  Information,  contact 

Paul  L.  Koppenhaver 


Chairman  Paul  L.  Koppenhaver  (818)  832-8986 
Co-Chairman  Ronald  J.  Gillio  (805)  963-1345 

Convention  Center  during  show  (310)  436-3636